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Sayed Mahdi Khatami; Somayyeh Haghroosta
Abstract
The Umayyad period is one of the most important historical periods in the early Islamic era because of its vast geographical area. The Umayyad conquered Eastern Roman influenced by ancient Greek and Roman art, before the advent of Islam. Therefore, Umayyad urban planning was affected by architectural ...
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The Umayyad period is one of the most important historical periods in the early Islamic era because of its vast geographical area. The Umayyad conquered Eastern Roman influenced by ancient Greek and Roman art, before the advent of Islam. Therefore, Umayyad urban planning was affected by architectural and urban styles of Eastern Rome. At the same time, Islam had its influence on its architecture. This article aims to analyze urban structures of this period and examines two cities of Ramla (a new city built by Muslims) and Damascus (a city transformed by Muslims) as two major cases. The research method of this article is based on documentary examination and descriptive-interpretive analysis of various texts that have been analyzed by using qualitative strategies. The results of the study indicate that Muslims in the Levant created a kind of adaptive urbanization. It means that they often did not make major changes in conquered cities, and only adapted the urban elements to their needs.
Sayed Mahdi Khatami; Azadeh Jalali
Abstract
Baghdad was built as the new city and capital of the Abbasids by Mansour. Baghdad has played a role as the political, economic, cultural and scientific capital, and it was one of the most important cities derived from the ideals of the king powers as urban planning patterns. Therefore, the study of Baghdad ...
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Baghdad was built as the new city and capital of the Abbasids by Mansour. Baghdad has played a role as the political, economic, cultural and scientific capital, and it was one of the most important cities derived from the ideals of the king powers as urban planning patterns. Therefore, the study of Baghdad planning and analysis of urban structure is important. Written research about history of Baghdad has been done, but the innovation of this article is analyzing the structure of Baghdad in physical, political, economic and social dimensions. So, using the descriptive-historical research method, the structure of Baghdad was analyzed. The results show that circular Baghdad design is influenced by the worldview governing the macro structure and functional details, and it is interpretation of the concept of city-power (centrality of the world empire), city-state (capital of government), city-market (expansion of trade routes) and city-people (cultural movements and social groups).
